Embracing Failure: Lessons from a Political Setback

Failure is an inevitable part of any journey to success, and the experiences we have with it can shape us in profound ways. In this blog, I want to share my personal story of facing not one, not two, but three significant failures in the political arena, and how those setbacks ultimately became the foundation for my success in the business world.

The Devastating Impact of Failure

In 2017, I ran for a political seat, fully confident that I would emerge victorious. Every indication pointed to a sure win, and I was charged up, dreaming of the opportunities that would come with the role. But when the results came in, I was devastated to learn that I had lost. It was as if a beautiful rose had been plucked from my hand, and the pain was excruciating.

The experience was akin to losing a loved one – a parent, a child, or a spouse. I had never felt such intense emotional turmoil before, and it threatened to consume me entirely. The support system that had been so strong during my campaign seemed to vanish, leaving me feeling alone and adrift.

Failure, in that moment, felt like a stench that clung to me, making it difficult for others to even want to be associated with me. The weight of the defeat was overwhelming, and it would have been easy to succumb to the despair and give up entirely.

Embracing the Lessons of Failure

However, as difficult as that experience was, I knew that I couldn’t let it define me. I had to find a way to move forward, to learn from the mistakes and setbacks, and to use them as a springboard for future success.

One of the key lessons I learned is that failure is not something to be feared, but rather an inevitable part of the journey to success. It’s not something that we plan for, but rather something that just happens, like a sickness or a plague that strikes without warning. The true test, then, is not in avoiding failure, but in how we handle it when it comes.

I realized that I had been so caught up in the dream of winning the political seat that I had failed to prepare for the possibility of failure. I had been blinded by my own passion and excitement, much like a newlywed couple who can’t fathom the idea of their love not lasting. But when the reality of failure hit, it was devastating.

Turning Failure into Fuel for Success

As I grappled with the aftermath of my political defeat, I knew that I had a choice to make. I could either let the failure consume me, or I could use it as fuel to propel me forward. I chose the latter, and it was a decision that would ultimately shape the trajectory of my career.

I began to examine the lessons I had learned from my failures in politics, and I realized that many of them were directly applicable to the world of business. The resilience and mental toughness I had developed in the face of adversity became invaluable assets as I navigated the ups and downs of entrepreneurship.

Moreover, I discovered that the very qualities that had made me a strong candidate in the political arena – my passion, my drive, and my unwavering belief in my abilities – were the same qualities that would serve me well in the business world. I just needed to learn how to channel them in a more constructive way.

Failing Forward: Strategies for Success

As I reflect on my journey, I realize that the key to success lies not in avoiding failure, but in embracing it and learning from it. Here are some of the strategies I’ve developed for turning setbacks into stepping stones:

1. Cultivate a Growth Mindset: Approach failure as an opportunity for growth and learning, rather than a personal shortcoming. Embrace the challenges and use them to expand your skills and knowledge.
2. Develop Resilience: Building the mental toughness to bounce back from failure is crucial. Practice self-care, seek support from loved ones, and keep your focus on your long-term goals.
3. Analyze and Learn: Carefully examine your failures to identify the root causes and the lessons they hold. Use this knowledge to inform your decision-making and improve your strategies going forward.
4. Celebrate Small Wins: Acknowledge and celebrate the progress you make, even if it’s incremental. This can help sustain your motivation and momentum during challenging times.
5. Embrace Adaptability: Be willing to pivot and adjust your approach as needed. Rigid thinking can often lead to failure, while flexibility and agility can open up new paths to success.

Remember, failure is not the end of the road – it’s just the beginning of your success story. By embracing the lessons it has to offer and using them to fuel your growth, you can transform setbacks into stepping stones and achieve the goals you’ve set for yourself.

“Failure is not the opposite of success; it’s part of success.” – Arianna Huffington

So, take heart, my fellow entrepreneurs and business leaders. The road to success is paved with failures, but with the right mindset and strategies, you can navigate those challenges and emerge stronger than ever before

A woman has sparked a heated online debate after sharing her dilemma about her relationship with an unemployed man in his 30s. The woman, who has been dating the man for two months, is torn between her emotional connection with him and his lack of job, money, and ambition.

The man, who is still finishing college after 10 years, lives with his parents and shows no signs of seeking employment or pursuing a career. The woman, who is looking for a long-term partner and husband, is concerned about the future and how he plans to provide for himself and their potential family.

Netizens have flooded the comments section with their opinions, with many urging the woman to end the relationship. One user shared a similar experience with an ex-partner who was unemployed and dishonest, advising the woman not to feel bad for prioritizing her own needs. Another user questioned how someone without ambition or a work ethic could be considered attractive.

A male user offered a pragmatic perspective, stating that the woman would be justified in ending the relationship, considering the man’s lack of financial stability and career prospects. He also suggested that the truth might be what the man needs to hear to prompt change.

The debate highlights the importance of financial stability and ambition in relationships. While compassion and understanding are essential, so are one’s own needs and goals. The woman’s dilemma has sparked a wider conversation about the balance between emotional connection and practical considerations in relationships.

As one user aptly put it, “It’s okay to prioritize your own needs and goals. You deserve someone who shares your values and can provide for themselves and your future family.”

Man Discovers Girlfriend Still Lives with Ex, Sparks Trust Issues and Red Flags

In a shocking revelation, a man in his mid-30s discovered that his girlfriend, whom he had been dating for a few months, still resides with her ex-partner. The news has sparked a heated debate online, with many weighing in on the situation.

The man, who wishes to remain anonymous, shared his story on social media, stating that his girlfriend had initially failed to mention her living arrangement. She only revealed the truth after they had been dating for a few months, citing a shared lease as the reason for their continued cohabitation.

The man expressed his concerns and reservations about the situation, stating that he feels uneasy about putting their relationship on hold until the living situation is resolved. He also worries that his decision may be perceived as a lack of trust in his girlfriend.

Netizens have been quick to offer their opinions on the matter, with many urging the man to exercise caution and prioritize his own well-being.

“I don’t think it insinuates you don’t trust her, it’s a very dodgy situation that many would be uncomfortable with,” wrote one user. “She’s been dishonest, and you have good reason not to trust her.”

Another user emphasized the importance of honesty in relationships, stating, “She’s deceived you for months. That’s a huge important detail you mention on date 2 or 3, ffs.”

A third user echoed the sentiment, adding, “She hid this information on purpose, hoping you wouldn’t leave when you found out. By hiding this, she took your ability to make an informed decision away from you. Walk away from her as soon as possible.”

The situation has sparked a wider conversation about trust, honesty, and communication in relationships. While some have expressed empathy for the girlfriend’s situation, many others have urged the man to prioritize his own needs and boundaries.

As the debate continues, one thing is clear: the situation serves as a reminder of the importance of open and honest communication in any relationship.

My Journey as a Self-Taught Artist..Tarra Lu

Discovering the Power of Artistic Expression

What began as a simple hobby soon blossomed into a life-altering adventure, driven by my deep passion for creating. Little did I know that this passion would become the driving force behind my decision to pursue art full-time. As I navigated the ups and downs of this transformative journey, I learned invaluable lessons about the harmonious relationship between art and business, the importance of cultivating the right mindset, and the power of embracing authenticity and transparency.

The Crossroads: Choosing the Path of the Self-Taught Artist

Like many aspiring artists, I found myself at a crossroads. I had a profound love for art, but I was unsure how to turn it into a viable career. Working in the corporate world had taken a toll on my mental health, and I yearned for something more fulfilling. That’s when the dream of becoming a full-time artist began to dance in my mind.

Initially, I contemplated the idea of attending art school, but as I delved into research and sought advice from experienced artists, a different perspective emerged. It became clear that art school wasn’t the only path to success. Many artists emphasized the significance of understanding the business side of art, and it was suggested that studying at an atelier or art school could provide a valuable foundation.

Circumstances led me to enroll in a few classes at the Art Students League of New York City, and it was an incredible experience. Surrounded by fellow artists and guided by mentors who refined my artistic eye, I continued my learning journey through online classes and independent exploration.

Navigating the Challenges of the Self-Taught Path

As I transitioned into working from home as an independent contractor, I soon discovered the significance of discipline and routine. It became clear that I needed to create a schedule and stick to it. Unfortunately, I wasted valuable time indulging in distractions, which led to complacency and a loss of confidence in my abilities.

During this challenging period, doubts began to creep in. I questioned whether I had made a mistake by not attending art school, and I even began to doubt the possibility of success as a self-taught artist. But I learned a valuable lesson: it was never about being self-taught or not. The true challenge was cultivating the right mindset. Art and business are deeply intertwined, and success requires a harmonious relationship between the two.

Embracing the Power of YouTube and Building a Supportive Community

It was during this transformative period that I made the decision to start a YouTube channel. At first, it was a leap of faith, but it became a pivotal step in my journey. Through this platform, I found a way to share not only my art but also my experiences, my struggles, and my growth as a self-taught artist.

YouTube isn’t just a creative outlet; it’s a lifeline. It allows me to connect with fellow artists and like-minded individuals who share my passion. It provides a space for me to document my progress, share my insights, and build a supportive community. I realized that it isn’t just about my art; it’s about the beautiful journey we are all on together.

Diversifying Your Art Career: Exploring New Avenues

As I reflect on my journey, I’ve come to understand the importance of exploring different avenues to diversify your art career. Seeking opportunities to create multiple streams of income, such as collaborations, commissions, or licensing your art, can be invaluable. Don’t be afraid to reach out to local businesses, organizations, or potential clients – your art is a valuable gift, and there are people out there who will appreciate and support it.

Embracing the Calling: Leaning on Faith and Perseverance

Most importantly, I’ve learned to lean on the guidance of a higher power, developing a strong relationship with my artistry and trusting that God will provide the wisdom and opportunities needed to shape my artistic path. Being an artist is not just a career; it’s a calling, a divine expression of your unique essence. Embrace the process, find your balance, and never underestimate the power of a determined mindset.

I want to leave you with these words of encouragement: Your artistic path is unique to you, so embrace it. Find your balance, and never underestimate the power of a determined mindset. If you found this journey inspiring, please subscribe to my channel and follow me on Instagram or TikTok at @tarralustudio. Thank you for your incredible support, and I’ll see you soon.

As an artist or creative entrepreneur, the disappointment of not feeling supported by your closest loved ones can be deeply discouraging. You pour your heart and soul into your work, only to be met with indifference or skepticism from the very people you expected to be your biggest cheerleaders. This struggle is all too common, and it’s important to understand that the lack of support from family and friends is often not a reflection of the value or quality of your creative pursuits.

The Disconnect Between Your Vision and Their Perspective

When you first start out on your creative journey, it’s natural for those around you to have concerns or doubts. After all, the path of an artist or creative entrepreneur can seem unstable and risky, especially to those who have been conditioned to prioritize traditional career paths. Your family and friends may simply not understand the immense value and potential of your creative work, or they may worry about the financial stability of your chosen profession.

Growing up, I experienced this firsthand. My family wanted me to pursue a career in the medical field, while my friends at the time thought I was “crazy” for wanting to be an artist. Looking back, I now understand their concerns, but at the time, it was deeply discouraging and made me question my own abilities and the worth of my creative pursuits.

Shifting Your Mindset: From Seeking External Validation to Embracing Your True Audience

The key to overcoming this challenge is to shift your mindset from seeking validation and support from your family and friends to focusing on your true audience – the people who truly resonate with your work and message at a deeper level. This realization was a game-changer for me, as I had been placing far too much importance on the opinions and support (or lack thereof) of those closest to me.

I realized that true self-validation must come from within, and that my creative work is not meant to be understood or appreciated by everyone, including those in my immediate circle. As artists and creative entrepreneurs, we have a unique calling and purpose that may not align with the perspectives and priorities of our family and friends.

Identifying Your True Audience: An Eye-Opening Exercise

To help you gain clarity on who your true audience is, I’d like to share an exercise that was transformative for me. Grab a pen and paper (or open a note on your phone) and let’s dive in.

Your False Audience

1. Who is your false audience? Think about the people who don’t seem to connect with your art or business.
2. What traits do they have, and who do they want you to be?
3. How do you feel when you think about your false audience, and what kind of content do you think you need to create for them?

Your True Audience

1. Who is your true audience? Think about the people who deeply resonate with your art and business.
2. Why are they attracted to you and your work? What values and desires do they already hold that align with what you offer?
3. How do you feel when you think about your true audience, and what kind of content feels most authentic and joyful for you to share with them?

This exercise is so powerful because it helps you understand the crucial difference between creating for your “false” audience versus your “true” audience. When you focus on your true audience – the people who truly “get” you and your work – it becomes much easier to create content and art that feels authentic and fulfilling, rather than constantly chasing validation from the wrong sources.

Embracing Vulnerability and Attracting Your Tribe

The key to finding your true audience is to embrace vulnerability and share your authentic journey. Don’t hold back out of fear of rejection from your current circle – those who resonate with your raw, unfiltered self are the ones you’re meant to connect with. By openly expressing your truth, you’ll attract the people who are meant to be part of your creative tribe.

Having a strong support system of like-minded individuals can make all the difference in the success of your creative business. Join communities, both online and offline, where you can connect with other artists and small business owners who understand the unique challenges and joys of this path. Through these connections, you can exchange guidance, support, and inspiration, helping to fuel your creative fire and keep you motivated on your journey.

Shifting Your Focus: From Disappointment to Empowerment

Remember, the lack of support from family and friends is not a reflection of the value or potential of your creative work. It’s simply a matter of misalignment – your vision and purpose may not resonate with those closest to you, and that’s okay. By shifting your focus to your true audience, you’ll find the validation, encouragement, and connection you’ve been seeking all along.

So, don’t let the disappointment of unsupportive loved ones hold you back. Embrace your authentic self, share your story, and trust that your tribe will find you. The journey may not always be easy, but with a clear understanding of your true audience and the courage to show up as your genuine self, you’ll be well on your way to creating a fulfilling and successful creative career.

Why 40 is the New 20: How Content Creation Can Make You Feel Young Again”

Starting to create content at 40 may seem daunting, but it’s an opportune time to share your wisdom, experiences, and passions with the world. At this stage in life, you’ve accumulated two decades of adult experiences, successes, and failures, which have shaped your unique perspective. By creating content, you can share your expertise and establish yourself as an authority in your field. You can inspire and guide others who are facing similar challenges, and leave a lasting legacy that transcends your lifetime.

As you reflect on your experiences, you’ll distill valuable lessons that can benefit others. You’ll develop a new skill and explore your creative side, enhancing your personal brand and online presence. You’ll connect with like-minded individuals and build a community that shares your values and interests. By pursuing your passions and turning them into meaningful contributions, you’ll create a new source of income and financial security.

Moreover, content creation at 40 allows you to leverage your life experiences to make a meaningful impact. You’ll develop a new sense of purpose and fulfillment, staying relevant and engaged in your industry or community. You’ll build a lasting tribute to your legacy, inspiring others to pursue their dreams and passions. Your unique voice and perspective will resonate with others, creating a body of work that showcases your expertise.

As you continue to create content, you’ll connect with others who share your values and interests. You’ll leave a lasting impact on the world, inspiring future generations to pursue their passions and make a difference. Your content will be a testament to your wisdom, creativity, and dedication, serving as a reminder that it’s never too late to start creating and sharing your ideas with the world.

Furthermore, content creation at 40 allows you to:

• Develop a new sense of purpose and fulfillment
• Stay relevant and engaged in your industry or community
• Build a lasting tribute to your legacy
• Inspire others to pursue their dreams and passions
• Create a body of work that showcases your expertise
• Connect with others who share your values and interests
• Leave a lasting impact on the world
• Inspire future generations to pursue their passions and make a difference

In conclusion, starting to create content at 40 is a powerful way to share your wisdom, inspire others, and leave a lasting legacy. It’s a celebration of your journey, a way to give back, and a gift to future generations. So, embrace your experiences, share your voice, and create content that resonates!

THE TRANSFORMATIVE BENEFITS

Content creation at 40 is a transformative experience that offers numerous benefits, including developing a new sense of purpose and fulfillment, staying relevant and engaged in your industry or community, building a lasting tribute to your legacy, and inspiring others to pursue their dreams and passions.

As we reach the milestone age of 40, we’ve accumulated two decades of adult experiences, successes, and failures. Our lives have been shaped by various events, relationships, and career paths, which have molded our unique perspectives. Content creation at this stage allows us to reflect on our journeys, distill valuable lessons, and share our wisdom with others.

By developing a new sense of purpose and fulfillment, content creation at 40 gives us a fresh start. We can redirect our energies towards meaningful projects, connect with like-minded individuals, and build a community that shares our values and interests. This new sense of purpose enables us to navigate life’s challenges with renewed enthusiasm and dedication.
Staying relevant and engaged in our industry or community is crucial in today’s fast-paced world. Content creation at 40 helps us stay up-to-date with industry trends, connect with peers, and establish ourselves as authorities in our fields. By sharing our expertise, we demonstrate our value, build trust, and attract new opportunities.

Building a lasting tribute to our legacy is a profound aspect of content creation at 40. Our content will outlive us, inspiring future generations to pursue their passions and make a difference. This legacy serves as a reminder that our lives have meaning and that we’ve made a positive impact on the world.

Inspiring others to pursue their dreams and passions is a remarkable byproduct of content creation at 40. Our stories, wisdom, and experiences motivate others to chase their goals and aspirations. By sharing our journeys, we empower others to overcome obstacles, believe in themselves, and achieve their potential.

In addition to these benefits, content creation at 40 offers numerous other advantages. We can establish ourselves as authorities in our fields, enhance our personal brand and online presence, connect with others who share our values and interests, create a new source of income and financial security, develop a unique voice and perspective, and leave a lasting impact on the world.

In conclusion, content creation at 40 is a powerful way to share our wisdom, inspire others, and leave a lasting legacy. It’s a celebration of our journey, a way to give back, and a gift to future generations. So, let’s embrace our experiences, share our voices, and create content that resonates!

Introduction

The notion that Ghanaian youth are lazy and only interested in quick money has become a prevailing stereotype. However, this generalization is not only inaccurate but also unfair. In this article, we will explore the realities and challenges faced by Ghanaian youth in their pursuit of success.

Challenges Facing Ghanaian Youth

Ghanaian youth face numerous obstacles, including limited job opportunities, inadequate education, and a lack of resources. Seventy Percent (70%) graduates struggle to find employment, leading to a sense of frustration and desperation. This has driven some to seek alternative means of income, such as entrepreneurship or freelance work.

The Perception of Laziness

The perception of laziness stems from a lack of understanding of the current economic landscape. Many Ghanaian youth are actively seeking opportunities, but the system often fails to provide the necessary support. The emphasis on quick money is a result of the need to survive in a challenging economic environment.

Success Stories

Despite the challenges, there are numerous examples of Ghanaian youth achieving success through hard work and determination. From tech entrepreneurs to artists, many young Ghanaians are making a positive impact in their respective fields.

Conclusion

The notion that Ghanaian youth are lazy and only interested in quick money is a harmful stereotype. It overlooks the challenges they face and the efforts they put into achieving success. By recognizing and addressing these challenges, we can work together to create a more supportive environment for Ghanaian youth to thrive.

It’s essential to acknowledge the hard work and resilience of Ghanaian youth, rather than perpetuating harmful stereotypes. By doing so, we can foster a more encouraging and inclusive environment for young people to succeed.

In an unprecedented achievement, Renowned Ghanaian Movie Director and Script Supervisor, McLord Ice Impraim, has made history by serving as the First Assistant Director (1st AD Gh) on the NFL Super Bowl Commercial titled “Born to Play”. This groundbreaking achievement marks a significant milestone for Ghana, as the country takes center stage in one of the Super Bowl’s most iconic commercials.

“Born to Play” is a captivating two-and-a-half-minute advert that features a star-studded cast of NFL superstars, including Saquon Barkley, Justin Jefferson, Cameron Jordan, and Jeremiah Owusu-Koramoah, as they navigate the vibrant streets of Accra. The commercial celebrates the growth of football worldwide and the opening of global pathways to play at its highest level.

Under the visionary leadership of Director Andrew Dosunmu and the expert guidance of McLord Ice Impraim, the production team brought this ambitious project to life. Impraim’s exceptional skills and experience as a director and script supervisor were instrumental in ensuring the success of this high-profile commercial.

Throughout his career, McLord Ice Impraim has demonstrated a remarkable ability to bring complex projects to life, and his work on “Born to Play” is a testament to his dedication, creativity, and expertise. His collaborative approach and ability to work effectively with international teams have earned him recognition and respect within the film industry.

As the First Assistant Director (1st AD Gh) on “Born to Play”, Impraim played a crucial role in overseeing the production’s logistics, scheduling, and coordination. His meticulous attention to detail and ability to problem-solve under pressure ensured that the production stayed on track, despite the challenges of filming in a bustling city like Accra.

Impraim’s contributions to the commercial’s success were not limited to his technical expertise. His deep understanding of the Ghanaian culture and his ability to connect with the local community were invaluable assets to the production team. His passion for storytelling and his commitment to showcasing Ghanaian talent and culture shone through in every aspect of the commercial.

The success of “Born to Play” is a testament to McLord Ice Impraim’s exceptional leadership and creative vision. His ability to bring people together and inspire them to achieve greatness is a rare gift, and his contributions to the film industry are truly remarkable. As the NFL Super Bowl Commercial “Born to Play” continues to inspire audiences around the world, it is clear that McLord Ice Impraim’s work will have a lasting impact on the film industry. His dedication, expertise, and passion for storytelling have set a new standard for excellence, and his legacy will continue to inspire future generations of filmmakers.

McLord Ice Impraim’s achievement as the First Assistant Director (1st AD Gh) on the NFL Super Bowl Commercial “Born to Play” is a remarkable milestone in his illustrious career. His exceptional leadership, creative vision, and dedication to excellence have made him a role model for aspiring filmmakers, and his contributions to the film industry will be remembered for years to come.

Step 1: Determine Your Offer

When it comes to creating an online business, the first step is determining what type of offer you will create. This is crucial, as the format of your offer will impact your freedom, income goals, ability to deliver results, authority positioning, and scalability.

Traditional options like memberships, pre-recorded courses, live workshops, and one-on-one coaching each have their drawbacks. Instead, the ideal offer is a hybrid program that combines pre-recorded lessons for scalability, a community aspect for engagement, and high-touch support through online coaching to deliver transformative results.

Identify Your Transformation

The core of your offer should be a transformation – taking your clients from point A (their current struggle) to point B (the desired outcome). This transformation should be something you have personally experienced or helped a client overcome. By tapping into your own journey, you can create a deeply relatable and impactful program.

It’s important to get specific about your ideal client’s current situation and the end result they’re seeking. This will allow you to build a streamlined curriculum that efficiently bridges that gap.

Step 2: Conduct Market Research

Once you have a clear idea of the transformation you want to deliver, it’s time to validate it through market research. This process serves multiple purposes:

1. It helps you get into the minds of your ideal clients, understanding their biggest pain points, desires, and how much they’re willing to pay to solve their problems.
2. It builds trust and authority as you position yourself as an expert who truly understands your audience.
3. It starts to generate a pipeline of potential clients, even if you don’t have an existing audience.

The key is to have genuine conversations with your target market, asking thoughtful questions to uncover their needs. This could involve reaching out to people in relevant online communities, conducting surveys, or booking discovery calls. By truly listening to your audience, you’ll gain invaluable insights to shape your offer and messaging.

Step 3: Create a Transformative Curriculum

With the market research complete, you can now design a “time machine” curriculum that efficiently guides your clients from point A to point B. The goal is to create a lean, streamlined program that delivers maximum results in the shortest timeframe possible.

Rather than simply “dumping” all your knowledge, you’ll strategically structure the content to address your clients’ most pressing needs. This means breaking down the transformation into logical steps and ensuring each module builds upon the last.

Step 4: Pre-Sell Your Offer

Instead of investing time and resources into building the full program upfront, you’ll pre-sell your offer to your warm leads from the market research phase. This allows you to validate demand, generate initial revenue, and gather feedback to refine your curriculum.

The pre-sale will leverage principles of scarcity, urgency, and discounts to encourage early sign-ups. By positioning this as a “founding member” opportunity, you can create a sense of exclusivity and get your clients invested in the program’s development.

Step 5: Deliver and Optimize

Once you’ve secured your pre-sale clients, you’ll deliver the program live, providing weekly training sessions and ongoing support. This hands-on experience will not only help your clients achieve transformative results, but it will also give you valuable insights to refine your curriculum.

After the initial live delivery, you can then optimize the program by pre-recording the lessons, creating a polished sales funnel, and automating the delivery process. This allows you to scale your business without sacrificing the high-touch experience that drives client success.

Conclusion

By following this systematic approach, you can create an online business that generates consistent 5-figure months, even if you don’t have an existing audience. The key is to focus on delivering a transformative experience for your clients, rather than just creating content. With the right market research, curriculum design, and sales process, you can build a thriving, scalable business that aligns with your goals of freedom, income, and impact.